Forage production in ethiopia pdf files

Grazing management introduction pasture is the basis of any livestock operation that purports to be truly sustainable. The production of sorghum in south africa varies from 100 000 ton 00 ha to 180 000 ton 150 000 ha per annum. Forage production boosts the resilience of pastoralist. The amount of forage needed and the number of livestock to be pastured will be the deterinining factors in planning nitrogen fertility practices. The pastoral rangelands of ethiopia are located around the peripheral or the outer edge of the country, almost surrounding the central highland mass.

Overview of improved forage and forage seed production in ethiopia. This should include the estimated feeding and storage losses which can often total 15% to 20%. Determinants of adoption of improved forages in selected districts of. Forage quality, the degree to which a forage meets animal nutritional needs, is expressed in terms of animal production, such as growth, milk, or wool production. The aim of the project is to increase milk production and productivity in order to double the. In ethiopian agriculture, livestock farming systems play a vital role for the. More emphasis needs to be placed on producing greater quantities of high quality forage. It is especially important as the livestock sector continues to experience extraordinarily high fuel and other input costs. Many reasons can explain the very limited development of forage production up to date, among which duncan a. Growing fodder isnt a widespread practice in southern ethiopia. Forage production systems forage production and pasture. Thus, this manual is intended to provide training to extension workers and through them to smallholder dairy farmers a basic skill related to forage production and management. Forage crops are plants which, when grown as a crop, have been found to produce high yields of plant material, which are also high in nutrients suitable for livestock requirements for maintenance and production. Forage seed distributions are ongoing throughout the country.

Mung bean, locally known as masho, is a highly nutritious crop from the pea family that is relatively high in protein, a good source of vitamins a and c, and a natural antioxidant. Next would be a crop production plan with all the fields identified with projected forage production from each. Ethiopia environmental and climate change brief, swedish embassy of ethiopia. Ethiopia is vulnerable to trade shocks from international food and fuel prices, and to large. Supporting fodder production through the provision of forage seed to 1 600 households. More concentrate of high energy density needs to be fed with poor quality forages. Evaluation of some selected forage grasses for their salt tolerance, ameliorative effect and biomass yield under salt affected soil at southern afar, ethiopia article pdf available september. Destocked 4 381 livestock, enhancing the income of 3 214 livestock. The study was conducted with the objectives of identifying the major constraints and opportunities in the production and utilization of improved forages in east gojjam zone, amhara region, ethiopia in case of enebsie sar midr district.

Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The concept of rangeland carrying capacity in subsaharan. Growing of forage legumes intercropping enables to use the small farm land for both crop and feed production. Access to forage in the mid and highlands of wolayta and. Commercializing dairy and forage systems in ethiopia. Farmers utilization practice, yield and chemical composition of.

Because the ultimate objective of forage production is to increase the. Tesfaye lemma tefera, puskur r, hoekstra d and azage tegegne. Ethiopia international livestock research institute. The main advantages of new forage type teffs are their ability to produce high yields combined with high quality in the summer months in contrast to cool season perennial grasses that lack adequate forage production during the summer slump period. Determinants of pastoral communities for adoption of. Pdf ab stract this paper summarizes the forage production program of the fourth livestock development project implemented in.

Effects and recommendations susan ilyin executive summary livestock in ethiopia has an important economic, functional, and cultural significance. Climate change and livestock production in ethiopia, journal for advances in life science and technology, volume 22. Improved forage cultivation was practiced for the purpose of source of animal feed, soil conservation, crop rotation, wind break, fence and for fuel in descending order of their importance table 6. Agricultural based livelihood systems in drylands in the context of climate change, fao enrm profile. Pdf there are various strategies to integrate forage crops into croplivestock farming system in ethiopia. First, the small farmers cattle in sabana grande are especially malnourished during the dry seasons between november. Various functions of livestock include dairy production, meat production, draught labor and transportation. Make proactive management decisions in order to minimize damage from sustained drought stress. Dairy production in ethiopia existing scenario and.

A forage crop can be cut early and only has to have 30% dry matter to be ensiled successfully. The major improved forage crops adopted in the district were desho grass, elephant grass, oat, vetch and sesbaniaya sesban and tree lucerne. The major constraints for improved forage adoption in the study area was a shortage of land 28. Pdf evaluation of some selected forage grasses for their.

The method of integration used for a specific farming system mainly depends on the type of forage. Livestock production trends in annual production of meat, milk and eggs 1,000 metric tonnes year annual growth rate product % 1980 1993 2000 2015 19801993 19932000 meat, total 506. Improved forage production practice and challenges in. Feeding dairy cows on quality pasture iowa state university. Download commercializing dairy and forage systems in ethiopia or read online books in pdf, epub, tuebl, and mobi format. In ethiopia, livestock obtain feed from natural pastures, crop residues.

Improved forage production practice and challenges in libokemkem district, ethiopia workye melese, aschalew assefa and kirkim dehninet university of gondar, college of veterinary medicine and animal sciences, department of animal production and extension, p. The objectives of this programme were to increase the quantity and quality of forage produced and to reduce the incidence and impact of soil degradation. Nitrogen requirements for heavy forage production and heavy grazing will likely be double those required for. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. During the workshop on forage seed systems in ethiopia, presentations showed that. Department of biology, addis ababa university, po box 62291, addis ababa, ethiopia. Ethiopia has a large livestock population, a relatively favourable climate for improved, high yielding dairy cattle breeds and regions with less animal diseasestress that make the country to have a substantial potential for dairy development. This summer production can provide a source of stored forage for the winter months or fed to bridge the summer slump period of other cool season grass species. However, in ethiopia livestock production has been mainly constrained by inadequate supply and poor quality of available feed resources 18, 21. Silage making is long practiced by the larger agricultural sector, but the production method relies. There is a true green revolution in the making in this country. Performance evaluation of herbaceous forage grasses. This study aims to investigate the perception of improved forage production and utilization system on natural resource conservation areas in selected areas of northwestern ethiopia. Currently, there are two main problems within the community.

Survey on constraints of improved forage adoption in. Improving dairy production through increased forage production is limited in ethiopia due to, among other factors, poor extension and training. Sorghum is mainly cultivated in drier areas, especially on shallow and heavy clay soils. Livestock in ethiopia is dependent primarily on native grasslands and crop residues. There is huge demand among smallholders for feed but ready availability of affordable seed is a constraint to fodder production. All books are in clear copy here, and all files are secure so dont worry about it. Innovation lab for small scale irrigation ilssi stakeholder. Improved forage seed, eastern zone of tigray, ethiopia. Alppis will develop a network of independent inseminators that will. Summer production teff can be planted in late spring and be cut multiple times during the hot summer months. Evaluation of morphological characteristics, yield and.

For example, by adopting commercial seeds in combination with best practice techniques on a quarter of the current crop area, research indicates that farmers could increase maize production by over 60 percent and selfpollinated crop production such as wheat by over 30 percent. Forage mixtures for dairy grazing with the right management and the proper forage species, as little as acres can be grazed, replacing percent of the tmr with no drop in milk production. Snv ethiopia, through edget project enhancing dairy sector growth in ethiopia, 202018, engages in the capacity building, extension services and innovative support to the ethiopian dairy sector particularly working with smallholder dairy farmers. Improved forage crops production strategies in ethiopia. Pdf overview of improved forage and forage seed production in. Forage production in most areas of ethiopia in the past has been based on uncontrolled grazing of native pastures. From the sampled forages, a biomass dm yield of sesbania sesban in. Compile past grasslands research r and development d initiatives of various stakeholders in a single publication identify key. Developing sustainable forage production ethiopias livestock population is the largest on the african continent with 80 million cattle, sheep, goats, and camels. Ethiopia addis getu department of animal production and extension, faculty of veterinary medicine, university of gondar, ethiopia abstract. After attending a training organised by the edget project, getu negese allocated 1. Sustainable forage production strategies for small scale livestock. These forage production activities transcend the immediate feed crisis by transferring the skills of growing and managing cultivated forages to communities.

Determinants of improved forages adoption in doyogena. Rural dairy production system is part of the subsistence farming system that contributes up to 98% of the total milk production of in ethiopia, and includes pastoralists, agropastoralists, and mixed croplivestock producers 912. Selection of pasture forage and harvested forage types. The quantitative values for land rent costs, equipment and labor costs, seed costs, production costs per acre, and forage. There are various strategies to integrate forage crops into croplivestock farming system in ethiopia.

Dave combs many studies suggest that quality pasture reduces input costs and increases net returns. Full length research improved forage crops production strategies in ethiopia. Livestock feed shortage 88% and water shortage 12% was the major problem in the study. Snv ethiopia, through edget project enhancing dairy sector growth in ethiopia, 20. Pasture and rangeland research and development in ethiopia. A plan might start with a forage inventory plan describing the amounts of forages the farm anticipates needing for the year. To accurately evaluate forage quality, forages must be tested whenever a change is expected in the quality the amount and type of concentrate mix needs to match the type and quality of forages fed to the milking herd, dry cows and heifers.

Grazing management is directed at more efficient utilization of a forage resource than providing a rest period for forage recovery. Their diets consist of crop residues, like straw, stover, and native forage from communal pastures and rangelands. The drought contributed to low crop production for both the belg and meher harvests, poor livestock health, low water availability. Articulate and share with the goe a vision for and strategy for a vibrant and progressive dairy subsector that supports the efficient and safe production, processing and marketing of milk and milk products. Ethiopia food security outlook october 2015 to march 2016 largescale food security emergency projected for 2016 key messages in 2015, eastern ethiopia had a severe drought. Selection of pasture forage and harvested forage types the north american beef herd has been transformed over the past 40 to 50 years, and we now have highperformance, fastgrowing meat animals with improved genetic potential and increased nutrient demands, nevertheless, the industry continues to use traditional pasture forage and harvested forage. Livestock sector brief food and agriculture organization. Pasturebased production systems offer farmers and ranchers the ability to let the ruminants. A major point for the cultivation of forages lies in their potential to provide improved quantity and quality feed to livestock and legumes improving soil fertility. Box 208, balerobe, ethiopia accepted 15 june, 2015. Ethiopia situation report 30 august 2017 in numbers 8. Forage production strengthens farmers resilience north shoa zone of oromia region is one of the most important milk sheds in ethiopia due to its proximity to addis ababa.

This is essential in order to create householdlevel feed security, dr. Forage seed production and multiplication through farmers. Regional patterns and trends alemayehu seyoum taffesse, paul dorosh and sinafikeh asrat development strategy and governance division, international food policy research institute, ethiopia strategy support program ii, ethiopia ifpriaddis ababa p. Teff, tef hay quality, annual grass, horse hay, summer forage, forage. Forage seed research and production in oromia agricultural research institute. In ethiopia, forage development started through the introduction of improved forage species. Download training report on forage production, feed management and.

Grazing management is a factor in pasture forage production that is largely overlooked and controversial. Therefore, recognition must be given to the fact that inadequate seed production results inadequate to. Ilri international livestock research institute, nairobi, kenya. Integration gap in livestockcrop interactions created problems facing forage development in ethiopia acting bottleneck to livestock productivity 6. Teff grass crop overview and forage production guide. Different forage development strategies like backyard forage development, under sowing of cereal crop with forage legumes, forage development on stock exclusion area, forage development on conservation structures, and over sowing on existing grazingpasture land are practicing in ethiopia. The method of integration used for a specific farming system mainly depends on the type of. Editing, design and layoutilri publication unit, addis ababa, ethiopia. Forage seed research and development in ethiopia ethiopian. Animals like oxen used for draft power in plowing and planting and threshing crops such as wheat, barley and maize. The recommended strategy is for usaidethiopia to support the goes marketdriven. Full text pdf international journal of agriculture and biosciences.

Published 28 june, 2015 the excrement was conducted from 201011 to 2012 with the objectives of. Eshetu yimer usaidakldp and teklu kidane ilri, 15 december 2015 photo credit. Pasture management and improvement strategies in ethiopia. Forage seed production and distribution forage seed production and multiplication through farmers research group in adami tulu and arsinegelle districts abule ebro1, tadesse assefa,2 kebede teshome1 and belete shenkute1 1 adami tulu agricultural research center, oromia agricultural research institute, p. As a result, milk production is low and highly seasonally dependent. Dairy productivity is therefore low in the dry season mainly due to inadequate and low quality forage. Forage production potential of maize cowpea intercropping. Forage seed production is less developed than field crops. Lessons from fourth livestock development project article pdf available december 2017 with 2,472 reads how we measure reads. However, the lack of seed remains a constant constraint to wider adoption by farmers and others. Pdf improved forage crops production strategies in ethiopia.

Read online training report on forage production, feed management and. Livestock production is one of the most important agricultural land use systems in the world, with grasslands covering 25% of land surface and contributing to the livelihoods of more than 800 million people. Survey on constraints of improved forage adoption in anelemo. Getnet assefa at ethiopian institute of agricultural research. Natural pasture is a forage but is not grown as a crop, so is termed forage, not a forage crop. Therefore, forage seeds systems have to be stimulated for mitigating feed constraints for poor livestock keepers linked to.

Feeding dairy cows on quality pasture lower dry matter intakes, low by larry tranel and dr. There is no need to dry out the plant material any more than that, so wet weather is not such a constraint as it is with making hay. Mung bean renowned in northern ethiopia the innovative seed making an impact on household nutrition g m. The free state and mpumalanga provinces are the largest contributors to the area planted to sorghum and sorghum production. In ethiopia, livestock fattening, dairy, poultry, and forage production can be profitable enterprises and a means to increase smallholder farmers incomes. Ethiopia food security outlook october 2015 to march 2016. Review on challenges and opportunities sheep production. It is second to tef eragrostis tef in area coverage but first in productivity and total production among all cereals. Click download or read online button to get commercializing dairy and forage systems in ethiopia book now. Training report on forage production, feed management and. Forage production potential of maize cowpea intercropping in maichewsouthern tigray, ethiopia.